【美国】劳工部法规简要（一）

Summary of theMajor Laws of the Department of Labor

The Department of Labor (DOL) administers and enforcesmore than 180 federal laws. These mandates and the regulations that implementthem cover many workplace activities for about 10 million employers and 125million workers.

Following is a brief description of many of DOL's principal statutes most commonlyapplicable to businesses, job seekers, workers, retirees, contractors andgrantees.

Wages & Hours

The FairLabor Standards Act (FLSA) prescribes standards for wages andovertime pay, which affect most private and public employment. The act isadministered by the Wageand Hour Division. It requires employers to pay coveredemployees who are not otherwise exempt at least the federal minimum wage andovertime pay of one-and-one-half-times the regular rate of pay. Fornonagricultural operations, it restricts the hours that children under age 16can work and forbids the employment of children under age 18 in certain jobsdeemed too dangerous. For agricultural operations, it prohibits the employmentof children under age 16 during school hours and in certain jobs deemed toodangerous.

The Wage and Hour Division also enforces the laborstandards provisions of the Immigrationand Nationality Act (INA) that apply to aliens authorized towork in the U.S. under certain nonimmigrant visa programs (H-1B, H-1B1, H-1C,H2A).

薪酬和工作时间

    美国劳工部（DOL）共管理和执行近180多条联邦法律条例。这些法律法规涵盖了大多数工作场所的近1000万雇佣者和1.25亿名员工。以下将简要描述一些适用于企业、求职者、工人、退休人员、承包商及受助人的法律法规。

   《公平劳动标准法案》中关于标准工资和加班工资的规定是由薪酬和工时部门管理并执行的，这些法规适用于大多数私企和公共就业场所。标准中规定，雇佣者支付于员工的工资不得低于联邦法规中最低工资的限额。对于非农业性工作，《公平劳动标准法案》严格规定了16岁以下儿童的工作时间，并禁止18岁以下儿童参与危险工种工作。对于农业性的工作，法规中明确规定不得雇佣16岁以下的在校学生，并禁止16岁以下儿童参与危险工种工作。这些规定同样也适用于获得如H-1B、H-1B1、H-1C及H2A等美国工作签证的各类人员。

（翻译：刘筱晨）

信息来源：https://www.dol.gov/general/aboutdol/majorlaws

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 十四、【美国】Francois P.Truc加